✎ “No site can have the elements and symbols of the origin of civilization like the Taosi site.” As one of the three key sites in the Chinese civilization exploration project, the Taosi site is a must-pass place to study Chinese history and ancient culture and perceive the spiritual connotation of the Chinese nation.
▲Taosi Site
On July 21, 2022, the academic seminar on “Tiantian and Weidi, Shining the Four Directions – Taosi Model of the Origin of Chinese Civilization” sponsored by the Shanxi Provincial Bureau of Cultural Relics and the Institute of Archaeology of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences was held in Taiyuan, Shanxi.
This meeting was to explore the Taosi ruins, the first city site in the Central Plains region to enter the primary civilization stage, and to show its fruitful archaeological achievements, such as: an unprecedented city site, a magnificent palace wall, a regular cemetery, the earliest observatory in the world, the earliest writing to date, and a set of ritual vessels…
The original China
Since ancient times, the Taosi ruins have been a sacred place in the minds of the locals. According to the aerial film taken, for thousands of years, no matter how the nearby villages have developed and changed, they have been encircling and tightly surrounding the Taosi site, and rarely occupying the burden.
▲Taosi Ruins Navigation
In the dark, there seems to be a magical power to protect this ancient capital ruins.
In the site of more than 4 millionKomiks 1960 witch cloth draw square meters, the city site occupies 2.8 million square meters and the palace city is nearly 130,000 square meters. The entire site has clear functional distinction, exquisite layout, and distinct burial hierarchy, as if it already has the basic form of the country.
Many scholars believe that Taosi is the “Yaodu Pingyang” recorded in classics. According to the years of excavation, the gap between the rich and the poor in Taosi society is huge, and a few nobles have accumulated a large amount of wealth and formed a privileged class. At this time of social development, the prototype of the country has been formed, and a civilized society has arrived.ov.com/”>Cinema 1950 witch cloth draw.
Taosi ruins are typical representatives of early China. The capital of Yao and Shun
The only dialect near the Taosi ruins in the country is called the Sun “King Yao”. Is it a coincidence? Or is it a tradition of civilization? Or is it a specific worship? The great king Yao, who was passed down from generation to generation, has ever built a great capital?
In 2018, on the wall of the Taosi ruins, archaeologists were surprised to find the remaining “Quelou”-style door site.
The tall QueCinema 1950 witch cloth draw building has always been called the gate of etiquette. Two tall quid buildings extend from the southern wall of the palace city, and the pattern is similar to the style of the Yingtianmen Que Tower in Luoyang City during the Sui and Tang Dynasties. Even the Meridian Gate of the Forbidden City later followed this quid building model before Komiks 1960 witch cloth draw for more than 4,000 years.
▲The “Quelou Style” gate of the southeast gate
▲The Meridian Gate of the Forbidden City
The tall Quelou gate site shows the grandeur in the palace. Above the palace, just one main hall, the area reaches 5Cinema 1950 witch cloth drawmore than 40 square meters. The cellar outside the palace city stores the country’s grain, and the cellar diameter is 5 meters, with a depth of 7 meters, and a built-in spiral ramp that can reach the bottom. These large cellar pits are almost exactly the same as Hanjia Cang in Luoyang during the Sui and Tang Dynasties.
After more than 40 years of excavation, the Taosi site has been recognized by many scholars as YaoThe capital of the Shun era Babaylan 1990 cloth draw. Wang Wei, chief expert of the “Chinese Civilization Source Exploration Project”, believes that no site can have the elements and symbols of the origin of civilization like the Taosi site. The Taosi site is in line with Yao in terms of age, geographical location and the level of civilization it reflects. It is an important fulcrum and cornerstone for empirizing the journey of Chinese civilization for more than 5,000 years. The cemetery at the Taosi site in the tomb of the king is the largest place in the Yellow River Basin. More than 40 years of excavation show that more than 4,000 years ago, the society here had undergone serious polarization. Unlike the tombs of ordinary people with a large number of tombs, there are relatively few aristocratic tombs, very high-quality and particularly rich burial objects.
In 1980, in the M3016 tomb, a special round pottery was revealed. This is not an ordinary pottery tray with a dragon painted in the center of the plate.
▲Taosi Panlong
In the entire Taosi site, only four such dragon plates were unearthed from the king-level tomb. Archaeologists believe that the dragon plate should belong to the king of the time and is a symbol of high status. The dragons drawn in the Taosi Dragon Pan are all shaped like coiled dragons, with crocodile-like scaly patches on their bodies. The two sides of the head are square like bear ears, and the long jaws are protruding, especially the image of holding branches on the mouth, which is very rare. Cinema 1950 witch cloth drawTaosi Panlong, already Babaylan 1990 cloth draw very connectedThe image of the dragon in recent generations of Xia, Shang and Zhou dynasties and later generations. Taosi is the original prototype of China, so Taosi dragon is the true Chinese dragon.
▲Longpan unearthed from the Taosi site
Komiks 1960 witch cloth drawThe world’s earliest observatory
More than 4,000 years ago, Taosi had a relatively advanced astronomical calendar and the world’s earliest observatory.
When archaeologists first discovered 13 arc-shaped rammed earth pillars, they were confused by the strange combination of “walls are not like walls, and roads are not like roads”.
According to the records of “Shangshu Yao Dian”, astronomy was very developed during the Yao Emperor’s period, and the astronomical calendar was related to agricultural production and had become part of the royal power. The observatory was a necessary building in the capital.
These 1Babaylan 1990 cloth draw will these 1Babaylan 1990 cloth draw be the observatory from more than 4,000 years ago?
After years of exploration and verification and simulation observation, archaeologists finally discovered the secret of the observatory. It turned out that the ancestors determined the seasons and solar terms by observing the observation gaps of the pillars and the sunrise direction of Taer Mountain. From the second observation slit, the sunrise is seen as the winter solstice, and from the 12th observation slit, the sunrise is seen as the summer solstice. Both the vernal and autumnal equinoxes see the sunrise from the 7th observation slit.
▲Taosi Ruins Observation Station
▲Restoration of Taosi Ruins Observation Station
This is the earliest observatory in the world and the ancestral source of China’s 24 solar terms. It is 500 years older than the Stonehenge Observatory in the UK.
Mysterious Zhu Shuwen
During the excavation of H3403 in the ash pit of Taosi site in 1984, Komiks 1960 wikih cloth drawThe two “words” written in cinnabar on a broken flat pot caused a great sensation.
One of the red texts is not very controversial, and many scholars believe that he is very similar to the oracle bone inscriptions.
▲Zhu Shu Danhu
The second controversial word is whether it is the word “Yao” or “王”.
Although it is just two simple words, it is the earliest text clearly discovered in China. It was about 800 years earlier than the mature oracle bone inscriptions.
The initial formation of “ritual and music civilization”
29 musical instruments unearthed from the Taosi site, including turtle drums, earth drums, special chimes, pottery bells, copper bells, oral string zithers, etc. The combination of turtle drum and special chime is the earliest known instrument of the same kind.
▲Cinema 1950 witch cloth draw The turtle drum and the restoration of the copper bell are the earliest metal instruments found in China. The oral stringed zither is the smallest ethnic instrument in China. To this day, the Qiang, Mongolian, Yi and Oroqen peoples are still in use.
▲Oral string calves
The drum that uses crocodile skin mask only appearsIn the king’s tomb. The same is true for earth drums. Among them, one pair of turtle drums, one stone chime, and one earth drum are all placed in a fixed combination on the lower left side of the tomb owner of the noble tomb. The combination of turtle drum and special chime was inherited from the Shang and Zhou dynasties, becoming the unique burial instrument of the nobles in Babaylan 1990 clothes draw.
Tao Temple also unearthed jade ritual instruments such as jade axe, jade cong, jade bi, and Komiks 1960 witch cloth drawYugui. They and the above-mentioned instruments indicate that the “ritual and music civilization” had been initially formed at this time.
▲Jade unearthed from the Taosi site
▲Jade Beast Face
The earliest astronomical measurement instrument
In the autumn of 2002, a wooden pole was found in the mid-term tomb of Taosi site, coated with black, green and red markings, which caused archaeologists to verify the “Guibei”.
Gui Biao is an astronomical instrument that measures the length of sun shadow in ancient my country. It can measure the sun shadow in the earth and determine the location of the capital; it can conduct geodetic measurements, recognize the actual scope and territory of the world; it can also be used to formulate a calendar.
Study proves that the wooden pole found in the M22 tomb is a ruler. The discovery of Taosi Guizhi also shows that the instrument used in ancient China’s astronomical measurements first appeared in the middle period of Taosi culture 410 years ago.
▲Guizi unearthed from the Taosi site
From this point of view, the Taosi site is an early capital ruin that has been discovered in China so far, which has all the functional elements of city walls, palaces, cemeteries, musical instruments, observatory platforms, large storage areas, etc.
A variety of archaeological signs also show that Babaylan 1990 cloth drawAs early as more than 4,000 years ago, Taosi entered the national stage and entered a civilized society. First, the Taosi cultural period was not an equal society, but a serious social hierarchy differentiation. For example, the burial differences mentioned above actually reflect the social status of the tomb owner. Second, Taosi culture and society emerged from the Cinema 1950 witch cloth draw nowKomiks 1960 witch cloth DrawThe supreme ruler of “King”, which means that a country dominated by royal power emerged. Third, in Taosi society, the ritual system was initially formed and became the essence of the social system to be passed down in future generations. Fourth, the material and spiritual civilizations created by Taosi society were mostly inherited and developed by Xia, Shang, Zhou and later generations, and were in line with one line.
It can be said that Taosi was “the original China, the main lineage of China.”